Medical Terms Every Tourist Should Know in Korea
Medical Terms Every Tourist Should Know in Korea
Introduction
Getting sick during a vacation is stressful enough without having to navigate an unfamiliar healthcare system or language. In South Korea, learning a few basic medical terms can make it easier to find a pharmacy, explain symptoms, understand prescription instructions, or ask for help when you need medical care.
You do not need to learn Korean fluently before visiting Seoul, Busan, or another Korean destination. A small vocabulary of practical healthcare words can make everyday situations much easier.
This is especially helpful when visiting a 약국 (yakguk), or pharmacy, speaking with a 약사 (yaksa), or pharmacist, attending a clinic, or explaining an allergy or medication to a healthcare professional.
Korea also has services designed to support international patients. The Medical Korea Information Center provides information about medical services and multilingual assistance, while many hospitals have international healthcare centers or interpretation services.
This guide covers the most useful Korean medical vocabulary for tourists, including emergency terms, symptoms, pharmacy words, medication instructions, and phrases you can use during a clinic visit.
Why Learn Korean Medical Terms Before Your Trip?
Make healthcare communication easier
Even if a healthcare provider speaks English, knowing a few Korean terms can help you recognize important information on signs, prescriptions, medicine packages, and forms.
For example, recognizing 약국 can immediately tell you that you have found a pharmacy.
Knowing 병원 means hospital and 의사 means doctor.
These small details can reduce confusion when you are tired, sick, or in an unfamiliar neighborhood.
Explain basic symptoms
You may need to tell a pharmacist or doctor where you have pain or what symptoms you are experiencing.
Simple words for:
- Headache
- Fever
- Cough
- Stomachache
- Sore throat
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Dizziness
- Allergy
- Pain
can help you communicate the general problem before a more detailed medical assessment.
VisitKorea also recommends practical communication tools such as translation apps and photographs of medicines when foreign visitors have difficulty communicating at Korean pharmacies.
Essential Korean Healthcare Words
병원 — Hospital
병원 (byeongwon) means hospital.
You may see this word on hospital signs, maps, websites, and transportation information.
Example:
병원이 어디예요?
"Where is the hospital?"
If you are looking for a larger medical facility, recognizing 병원 can help you identify the appropriate building.
의원 — Clinic
의원 (uiwon) commonly refers to a clinic or medical office.
You may encounter this term in the names of smaller medical practices.
For example, a dermatology, internal medicine, or family medicine practice may include 의원 in its Korean name.
의사 — Doctor
의사 (uisa) means doctor.
You can use this word when asking whether a doctor is available.
의사가 있나요?
"Is there a doctor?"
간호사 — Nurse
간호사 (ganhosa) means nurse.
This is useful to recognize when healthcare staff introduce themselves or when you need assistance during a clinic or hospital visit.
약국 — Pharmacy
약국 (yakguk) means pharmacy.
This is one of the most important words for tourists to recognize.
Pharmacies are generally identified by the Korean word 약국.
If you are looking for one, you can ask:
약국이 어디예요?
"Where is the pharmacy?"
약사 — Pharmacist
약사 (yaksa) means pharmacist.
If you need help understanding a medication, you can ask to speak with the pharmacist.
Korean pharmacies can assist visitors with communication, and VisitKorea recommends using a translation app or showing a photograph of a medicine when language creates difficulties.
Common Symptoms in Korean
아파요 — It hurts / I am in pain
아파요 (apayo) is a useful everyday expression meaning that something hurts or that you are experiencing pain.
You can combine it with a body part.
For example:
머리가 아파요.
"My head hurts."
배가 아파요.
"My stomach hurts."
목이 아파요.
"My throat hurts."
통증 — Pain
통증 (tongjeung) means pain.
You may encounter this word on medical forms or in medical explanations.
통증이 있어요.
"I have pain."
열 — Fever / Heat
열 (yeol) can refer to fever or elevated body temperature in a medical context.
열이 있어요.
"I have a fever."
If you have a measured temperature, show the healthcare professional the actual number rather than relying only on the word.
기침 — Cough
기침 (gichim) means cough.
기침이 나요.
"I have a cough."
콧물 — Runny nose
콧물 (konmul) means runny nose or nasal discharge.
This can be useful when describing cold or allergy symptoms.
목 — Throat
목 (mok) means throat in this context.
For example:
목이 아파요.
"My throat hurts."
두통 — Headache
두통 (dutong) means headache.
You may see this word in medical documents or medication information.
복통 — Abdominal pain
복통 (boktong) means abdominal pain or stomach pain.
This is a useful term to recognize when discussing digestive symptoms.
설사 — Diarrhea
설사 (seolsa) means diarrhea.
Travelers may encounter digestive problems after changes in food, routine, or environment.
If symptoms are severe or persistent, seek medical advice rather than relying only on over-the-counter medication.
구토 — Vomiting
구토 (guto) means vomiting.
You may see this term on medical forms or hear it during a medical consultation.
메스꺼움 — Nausea
메스꺼움 (meseukkeoum) means nausea.
If you feel like vomiting but have not actually vomited, this is a useful term to know.
어지러움 — Dizziness
어지러움 (eojireoum) means dizziness.
Tell a healthcare professional if dizziness is severe, sudden, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms.
Words for Allergies and Medical History
알레르기 — Allergy
알레르기 (allereugi) means allergy.
This is one of the most important medical words for international travelers.
알레르기가 있어요.
"I have an allergy."
If you have a medication allergy, show the healthcare professional the name of the medicine and explain the reaction if known.
약물 알레르기 — Drug or medication allergy
약물 알레르기 means drug or medication allergy.
Keep a written list of medication allergies on your phone, preferably using generic medication names.
음식 알레르기 — Food allergy
음식 알레르기 means food allergy.
If you have a serious food allergy, carry written information explaining the specific allergen.
Do not assume that a restaurant employee or healthcare professional will understand the severity of an allergy from a single word.
병력 — Medical history
병력 (byeongnyeok) means medical history.
A doctor may need information about previous illnesses, surgeries, medications, or other relevant health conditions.
For international travel, keeping a concise medical history on your phone can make this information easier to provide.
Medication Terms Tourists Should Know
약 — Medicine
약 (yak) means medicine.
It is one of the simplest and most useful words to recognize.
You may see it in many pharmacy-related expressions.
처방전 — Prescription
처방전 (cheobangjeon) means prescription.
If a doctor gives you a prescription, the document is your 처방전.
Keep a photograph or digital copy of important prescriptions during your trip.
복용 — Taking medicine
복용 (bogyong) refers to taking or administering medicine orally.
You may see:
복용법 — directions for taking the medicine
복용량 — dosage
복용 횟수 — frequency of taking the medicine
1일 — Per day
1일 literally refers to one day and commonly appears in medication instructions.
For example:
1일 3회
generally means three times a day.
1회 — Per dose
1회 means one time or one dose.
For example:
1회 1정
generally means one tablet per dose.
정 — Tablet
정 is commonly used when describing tablets.
1정 = one tablet.
2정 = two tablets.
Always follow the complete prescription rather than interpreting a single number in isolation.
Meal and Timing Instructions
식전 — Before meals
식전 means before meals.
This may appear on a medication label.
If the label contains a more specific time, follow the complete instruction.
식후 — After meals
식후 means after meals.
You may also see:
식후 30분
which means 30 minutes after a meal.
취침 전 — Before bedtime
취침 전 means before bedtime.
This may be used for medicines intended to be taken in the evening or before sleep.
Do not change medication timing substantially on your own, particularly for prescription medicines.
Body Parts You May Need to Identify
머리 — Head
머리 (meori) means head.
머리가 아파요.
"My head hurts."
눈 — Eye
눈 (nun) means eye.
눈이 아파요.
"My eye hurts."
귀 — Ear
귀 (gwi) means ear.
귀가 아파요.
"My ear hurts."
코 — Nose
코 (ko) means nose.
입 — Mouth
입 (ip) means mouth.
치아 — Teeth
치아 (chia) means teeth.
This word can be particularly useful when visiting a Korean dental clinic.
배 — Stomach / Abdomen
배 (bae) can refer to the stomach or abdomen in everyday speech.
배가 아파요.
"My stomach hurts."
가슴 — Chest
가슴 (gaseum) means chest.
Chest pain should be taken seriously, particularly if it is sudden, severe, or accompanied by difficulty breathing or other concerning symptoms.
등 — Back
등 (deung) means back.
다리 — Leg
다리 (dari) means leg.
Emergency Medical Terms
응급실 — Emergency room
응급실 (eunggeupsil) means emergency room.
This is one of the most important words to recognize if you need urgent medical attention.
You may see 응급실 signs at hospitals.
응급 — Emergency
응급 (eunggeup) means emergency.
You may encounter it in words relating to emergency medical services.
구급차 — Ambulance
구급차 (gugeupcha) means ambulance.
If you need an ambulance in South Korea, the emergency number is 119. Korean tourism guidance identifies 119 as the number for medical emergencies, fire services, and ambulance assistance.
If you do not speak Korean, VisitKorea advises saying "English please" or "Interpreter please" after connecting to emergency services.
119 — Emergency services
For a medical emergency in Korea, call 119.
Do not delay emergency treatment because you are worried about language difficulties.
If you are able to communicate, provide your location and explain that you need medical assistance.
Helpful Questions at a Korean Clinic
"Where is the clinic?"
병원이 어디예요?
"Where is the hospital?"
For a specific clinic, you can also use the clinic's name and ask for directions.
"Do you speak English?"
영어 할 수 있어요?
"Can you speak English?"
A more natural way to ask politely is:
영어 하실 수 있어요?
Not every healthcare provider will be fluent in English, but larger hospitals and facilities serving international patients may offer interpretation services.
"Please explain it in English."
영어로 설명해 주세요.
This can be useful when discussing medication or treatment instructions.
"How should I take this medicine?"
이 약은 어떻게 복용해요?
Use this question when you are unsure about a prescription or medication label.
"How many times a day?"
하루에 몇 번 먹어요?
This asks how many times you should take the medicine each day.
"Before or after meals?"
식전에 먹어요, 식후에 먹어요?
This asks whether the medicine should be taken before or after meals.
Useful Words for Medical Appointments
예약 — Appointment
예약 (yeyak) means reservation or appointment.
You may encounter:
예약이 있어요.
"I have an appointment."
If you are visiting a clinic in Busan or Seoul, save the appointment confirmation on your phone so you can show it at reception.
접수 — Registration
접수 (jeopsu) commonly refers to registration or reception.
You may see this word at a clinic or hospital registration desk.
진료 — Medical consultation or treatment
진료 (jinryo) refers to medical consultation, examination, or treatment.
You may see 진료실, meaning consultation or examination room.
검사 — Examination or test
검사 (geomsa) means examination or test.
Examples include blood tests, imaging, or other diagnostic examinations.
결과 — Result
결과 (gyeolgwa) means result.
For example, 검사 결과 means test results.
Payment and Insurance Terms
비용 — Cost
비용 (biyong) means cost or expense.
If you want to ask about the price of a medical service:
비용이 얼마예요?
"How much does it cost?"
For planned medical treatment, ask about costs before proceeding whenever practical.
보험 — Insurance
보험 (boheom) means insurance.
If you have travel insurance, keep your policy information accessible.
Do not assume that every clinic can bill your insurer directly. Contact your insurance provider to confirm coverage and payment procedures.
영수증 — Receipt
영수증 (yeongsujeung) means receipt.
Keep medical receipts if you may need to submit a travel insurance claim.
For international travelers, it is useful to photograph receipts and keep the originals when required by your insurer.
Medical Terms Useful for Medical Tourism
외국인 — Foreigner
외국인 (oegugin) means foreigner.
You may encounter this word in services or information specifically intended for international visitors.
국제진료센터 — International Healthcare Center
국제진료센터 refers to an International Healthcare Center.
Large Korean hospitals may have dedicated international healthcare centers that assist foreign patients with appointments, communication, interpretation, and related services.
통역 — Interpretation
통역 (tongyeok) means interpretation.
통역 서비스 means interpretation service.
If you have difficulty communicating about medical treatment, ask whether interpretation is available.
진단서 — Medical certificate
진단서 (jindanseo) means medical certificate or diagnosis certificate.
You may need this type of document for insurance, travel, employment, or other administrative purposes depending on your circumstances.
처방 — Prescription
처방 (cheobang) means prescription or prescribing.
You may see it in medical records or pharmacy-related documents.
How to Prepare Before Traveling
Save a medical vocabulary list
Create a note on your phone containing the most important Korean terms.
Include:
- Hospital — 병원
- Clinic — 의원
- Pharmacy — 약국
- Pharmacist — 약사
- Doctor — 의사
- Emergency room — 응급실
- Ambulance — 구급차
- Prescription — 처방전
- Medicine — 약
- Allergy — 알레르기
- Pain — 통증
- Fever — 열
- Appointment — 예약
- Insurance — 보험
- Receipt — 영수증
- Interpretation — 통역
This takes only a few minutes and can be extremely useful.
Save your medication information
If you take prescription medication, keep a list containing:
- Generic medication name
- Strength
- Dosage
- Frequency
- Allergies
- Prescribing doctor's information
VisitKorea recommends that travelers who require more complex prescription medicines carry appropriate medical documentation and English prescriptions when possible.
Save your emergency contacts
Keep your travel insurance emergency number and important medical contacts on your phone.
Also save your accommodation address in Korean if possible.
If you need an ambulance, being able to provide your location quickly can make communication easier.
What to Do If Language Becomes a Problem
Use a translation app as a support tool
Translation apps can help explain basic symptoms or identify Korean medical terms.
However, do not rely entirely on machine translation for important medical decisions.
If a translation seems unclear, ask the pharmacist or healthcare professional to explain it again.
Show photographs of medications
If you are looking for a medicine you already use, a photograph of the packaging can help a Korean pharmacist identify the product or determine whether a local alternative may be appropriate.
VisitKorea specifically recommends showing a photograph of the medicine when communication at a Korean pharmacy is difficult.
Look for international patient services
Medical Korea maintains information about registered and accredited healthcare providers serving international patients. Its system is intended to help foreign patients identify appropriate medical institutions and services.
The Medical Korea Information Center also provides multilingual information and assistance for international patients.
Common Mistakes Tourists Should Avoid
Guessing what a prescription means
Do not take medication based solely on a translation app or a single Korean word.
Confirm the medicine, dose, frequency, and timing with the pharmacist or doctor.
Assuming a pharmacy is a hospital
A 약국 is a pharmacy, not a hospital.
For serious symptoms, you may need a clinic or hospital rather than self-treatment.
Waiting too long with serious symptoms
Language difficulties should not prevent you from seeking urgent care.
For medical emergencies in Korea, call 119.
Forgetting your medical history
If you have significant medical conditions, allergies, or regular prescriptions, keep the information accessible.
A concise medical summary on your phone can be useful during an unexpected clinic visit.
Assuming every medical provider speaks English
Some Korean hospitals and clinics have extensive international-patient services, but English availability varies.
Prepare a translation strategy before you need it.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Korean word for pharmacy?
The Korean word for pharmacy is 약국 (yakguk). A pharmacist is called a 약사 (yaksa).
What is the Korean word for hospital?
병원 (byeongwon) means hospital. 응급실 (eunggeupsil) means emergency room.
What number should tourists call for a medical emergency in Korea?
Call 119 for emergency medical assistance and ambulance services. If you do not speak Korean, you can say "English please" or "Interpreter please" after the call connects.
How do I say "I have an allergy" in Korean?
You can say 알레르기가 있어요, meaning "I have an allergy." If you have a serious medication or food allergy, carry the exact allergen information in written form as well.
How do I say "My stomach hurts" in Korean?
배가 아파요 means "My stomach hurts." For more formal medical terminology, 복통 means abdominal pain.
How do I ask how to take medicine in Korean?
You can ask 이 약은 어떻게 복용해요?, meaning "How should I take this medicine?" You can also show the pharmacist the medication label or use a translation app.
What does 식후 mean on a Korean prescription?
식후 means "after meals." 식전 means "before meals." If you see 식후 30분, it generally means 30 minutes after a meal.
Can foreign tourists get help in English at Korean hospitals?
Many large Korean hospitals have international healthcare centers and interpretation services, although availability varies by facility. Medical Korea also provides multilingual information and support for international patients.
What should I bring to a Korean clinic?
Bring your passport or identification when appropriate, insurance information, medication list, allergy information, relevant medical records, and appointment details. If you take prescription medication, keeping the original packaging and prescription information can also be useful.
Where can international visitors get medical information in Korea?
The Medical Korea Information Center provides information about medical institutions and services and offers multilingual assistance. Its official service currently provides support in English, Chinese, Japanese, and Russian.
Conclusion
You do not need to speak fluent Korean to navigate basic healthcare situations during a trip to South Korea. Learning a small collection of medical terms can make it easier to find a pharmacy, explain symptoms, understand a prescription, and ask for assistance.
Start with the essentials: 병원 for hospital, 약국 for pharmacy, 약사 for pharmacist, 의사 for doctor, 응급실 for emergency room, 알레르기 for allergy, 통증 for pain, 처방전 for prescription, and 보험 for insurance.
Also remember the practical phrases for medication instructions, such as 식전 for before meals and 식후 for after meals.
Before traveling to Korea, save these terms on your phone alongside your medication list, insurance details, emergency contacts, and important medical documents. If you are visiting Busan or Seoul for medical tourism, consider choosing a facility with appropriate international-patient services and interpretation support.
For emergencies, remember 119. For pharmacy communication, a translation app and a clear photograph of your medication can be useful tools.
A few Korean medical words will not replace professional medical advice, but they can give you greater confidence when you need healthcare away from home.
